Leacture for Buddhism to the Theological Student

Ak'¨bmom  Buddhism

BC    563 – Ak'¨arG;aeY Birth of Buddha (ao -483)                           

BC     453 - Ak'¨\oGefoifcsufrsm;udkpwifpk?yxrtMudrf  

                                                                                                                                                                                                               BC    272 -  taomurif;(272-236)uAk'¨udktdEd´,wGifpwifwnfaxmif        

BC    246 - od&dvuFmedkifiHodkYomoemjyK  

                                                                                                                 AD    01  - Ak'¨bmomw&kwfjynfeSifhta&SYtv,fydkif;odkYa&muf&dS                    

AD    180 - r[m,meAk'¨bmomay:vm 

                                                                                                                    AD    230 - Ak'¨omoemonfjrefrm? Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia     odkYjyefhESHhoGm;onf/                                                     

AD    372  -Ak'¨bmom udk&D,m;odkYa&muf&                                     

AD    500  -*syefodkYAk'¨bmoma&muf&

AD    1044 – Ak'¨bmomonfjrefrmedkifiH\bmomjzpfvm                     

AD    1400 - Ak'¨bmomtdEd´,wGifusqif; 

AD 1900 – Ak'¨bmom taemufbufedkifiHrsm;odkYa&muf&dS                       AD  1954- urÇmhAk'¨bmomajcmufMudrfajrmufaumifpD &efukefwGifusif;ycJhonf/  

rm&fig;yg;

1/ a'0ykwÅr&f - rm&fppfonfatmiffjrifjcif;/                    

2/ udavorm&f - wPSmuif;pifawmfrljcif;/

3/ cE¨rm&f - cE¨m y#doaE¨aejcif;rS uif;pifawmfrljcif;/         

4/ rpöKrmef - aojcif;udk atmifawmfrljcif;/

5/ tbdocFg&rm&f - &kyfemrf eSpfyg;wdkhudkjyKjcif;rSuif;vGwfjcif;/

bk&m;ocif God

à rlvblw (urÇm 1;1)           à tem*wHoOmPfawmf  (wref 2;23)      àteEÅ ( urÇm 17;1)

àt&lybk&m; ( 1wd 1;17)        à oAÁnKw       ( 1"r® 2;3)           àtpdaEÅ,s   (xGuf 3;14)

à o,rÇLw  (xGuf3;14)     àedpöxm0&   (1a,m2;17)  à arwÅmw&m; (1a,m4;8)                  àopömw&m;  (1ouf3;3)           àor®mw&m;       (a,m14;6)

tpdaEÅ,s av;yg;

1/ &ly tpdaEÅ,s       = bk&m;oP²mefawmfudkMuHpDírukef?            

2/ 0gp tpdaEÅ,s      = bk&m;EIwfuywfawmfudkMuHpDírukef?

3/ OmP  /            = OmPfawmfudkMuHpDírukef?                     

4/ £'d¨   /            = wef;cdk;awmfudkMuHpDírukef?

bk&m;&Sif\bkef;awmf ajcmufyg;

1/ uúó&d,- tpdk;&awmfrljcif;?                   

2/ ,o- tjcHt&Hrsm;awmfrljcif;?

3/ "r®- ynmMuD;jcif;?                              

4/ oD&d- toa&awmfwifhw,fjcif;?

5/ umr- cifodrf;aomtvdk\jyD;pD;jcif;?            

6/ y,w- tm;vkUHveSifhjynfhpHkawmfrljcif;?

or®m(8)yg;

                                                                                                                                                  or®m'd|d                = rSefaomtjrif  (wdwk 2;7-8)         

or®mouFuyÜ          = rSefaomtMuHtpD

or®m0gpm              = rSefaompum; ({zuf 4;29?4;25) 

or®mur®EÅ             = rSefaomtvkyf 1ouf4;12/         

or®mtmZD0            = rSefaomtoufarG;rI 1wd4;6                

or®m0g,mr           = rSefaomtm;xkwfrI

or®mowd             = rSefaomatmufarhrSwfom;rI 1ay 4;7     

or®morm"d            = rSefaomwnfjidrfrI  1wd 3;4

cE¨m 5-yg;   

   

(1) &kyft*Fg (um,-cE¨m)                     (2) oifMum;edkifaom t*Fg (on-cE¨m)                 

(3) cHpm;rIcE¨mtydkif; (a0'e-cE¨m)          (4) arYavsmhoGm;?ajymif;vJoGm;jcif;( ocFg&-cE¨m )          

(5) 0dnmOfcE¨mudk,f (0dnmP-cE¨m)

tukodkvfuHq,fyg;

1/ ygPmwdygw      - olUtoufudkowfjcif;/                   

2/ t'dEé'ge            - olUOpömudkcdk;jcif;/

3/ umarokrdpämpm&   - olUr,m;udkjypfrSm;jcif;/               

4/ rkom0g'           - rrSefonfudktrSefajymjcif;/

5/ ydokP0gpm        - acsmyifaompum;/uHk;wdkufaompum;/    

6/ z&ko0gpm          - Murf;MuKwf,kwfrmaompum;udkqdkjcif;/

7/ oyæyÜvmy - aus;Zl;rJhaompum;udkqdkjcif;/                

8/ tbdZösm             - olUpnf;pdrfwdkUudkwyfrufMuHpDwwfaomavmb/

9/ Asmyg'              - pD;yGm;csrf;omudkzsufqD;wwfaoma'go/        

10/ rdpmä'dXd            - azgufjyefaomtm;jzifht,lrSm;aomarm[/

ukodkvfuHq,fyg;

1/ 'ge                 - tvSlay;jcif;/                                        

2/ oDv               - ig;yg;?&Spfyg;?q,fyg; oDvwdkUudkapmifha&Smufjcif;/

3/ bm0em             - ur®|mef;bm0em pD;jzef;jcif;/                     

4/ ypm,e            - t&G,fMuD;aomol?*kPffMuD;aomolwdkUudk&dkaojcif;/

5/ a0,sm0pö           - oufMuD;?*kPfMuD;olwdkU\trludkaqmif&Gufjcif;/  

6/ ywÅd'ge             - rdrdaumif;rSkudkolwyg;wdkUtm;ay;a0jcif;/

7/ ywÅekarm'em       - olwyg;tvSL0w¬Kudk0rf;ajrmufjcif;/        

8/ "r®o0e            - w&m;udkemjcif;/

9/ "r®a'oem          - w&m;udka[mjcif;/                           

10/ 'd|dZkur®          - t,ludkajzmifhrwfpGm,ljcif;/

Zmwdyuwdtusifh a&mr 7; 16-18? *vmwd 5;19-21?

rdpäm'dXd – (wdwk 2;8)                 - MowÅy   -   (1aum 10;27)

0dpdudpäm – (a[jAJ 10;22)            - udavomumr  - (,mukyf 4;1)

 

a[jAJpmayt&tjypf 5 rsdK;

1/ vGJacsmfysufuGufjcif;               2/ qdk;npfjcif; 

3/ pOf;vJazmufjyefjcif;                4/ykefuefjcif;?em;raxmifjcif;

5/ vdrfv,fvSnfhzsm;jcif;

                          

               

Ak'¨\t"dyÜg,f

]]Ak'¨}}[laompum;vHk;udk yg|dbmomtm;jzifh omreft"dyÜg,fzGifYqdk&vQif ]odjcif;} 'ToKnow’ [kjyefqdkEdkifygonf/ rnfonhft&mudk ]]od}}oenf;[kqdkvQif? ]"r®} wnf;[laom ]w&m;} (Truth) udkyif udk,fxdk;xGif;OmPfjzifh odjcif;jzpfygonf/ avmu oHo,m b0ü qif;&Jjcif;? b0tzefzefjzpfjcif;wdkYrSvHk;0tpifvGwf uif;aom? edAÁmefw&m;awmfudk a[mMum;awmfrlcJhaom oAÁnKwOmPfawmf (Omniscience) ½Sifjzpfyg onf/ oAÁnKw qdkonfrSm tvHk;pHkwdkYudk udk,fydkifOmPfjzifh xdk;xGif;od½SdEdkifaom OmPfyifjzpfygonf/ xdkpum;vHk;udkyifc&pf,mefwdkY\usrf;pmwGif oHk;xm;onfudkawGU&ygonf/ "r®&mZ0ifyXrapmif2;3wGif ]] taMumif;rlum;? xm0 &bk&m;onf oAÁnKwbk&m;jzpfonf/}} [ka&;om;xm;ygonf/ oAÁnKwOmPf oabmonf bk&m;jzpfrSomoHk;Edkifaom pum;vHk; jzpfygonf/ omrefvltwGufoHk;ír&yg/ Ak'¨onfxdk OmPfawmfjzifh opömw&m;udkxdk;xGif;odjrifNyD;? oludk,fwdkifyif edAÁmefjyKcJhol jzpfygonf/

"r®\ t"dyÜg,f

         "r®[laompum;onfyg|dpum;jzpfNyD;? rl&if;t"dyÜg,frSm ]"&} jzpfNyD;? ]aqmifonf} to carry’[kzGifhqdkyg onf/ ]"&} oabmonf taooabmr[kwfyJ? t½Sifoabmaqmifygonf/ wpfenf;Bud,moabm aqmifygonf/ "r®t"dyÜg,fonf ]xkwfaqmif}onf [kt"dyÜg,f&ygonf/ Ak'¨bmomü avmuoHo,m qif;&Jjcif;xJrSvGwfuif;zdkU&efwjcm;aomvlyk*¾dKvf?ewfbk&m;? wefcdk;½SifwdkYu xkwfaqmifay;ír&yJ? udk,f udk,fwdkif "r®oabmudkod½SdNyD;? "r®onfyifxdkt&m rsm;rStpOfvGwf uif;&modkY ydkYaqmif ay;rnfjzpfonf/ 

       xdkYaMumifhrnfoludkrQ tm;udk;ír&yJ? "r®udkudk,fydkif ½SmazG&,l&ygrnf/"r® onf yifydkYaqmif ay;ol? vrf;c&D; oabmvnf;jzpfonf/ "r®tay:üpGJvef;aejcif;r½SdyJ? c&D;qHk;a&mufvQif xdk"r®udkyif xm;cJh&ygrnf/wenf;edAÁmefodkY0if&ef"r®r½Sdrjzpf?&½Sd&rnfht&mjzpfNyD;?"r®udkwG,fzufxm;ygu?edAÁmefodkY0if&ef cufcJygonf/ edAÁmefü ]"r®}r½Sdawmhyg/ "r®onf edAÁmeftwGufjzpfNyD;? edAÁmefonf "r®twGuf r[kwfyg/ xdkYaMumifhAk'¨bmomonf rnfonfht&mudkrQpGJvrf;xm;jcif;? rSDwG,fxm;jcif;r½SdyJ? tm;vHk;udkjzKwfcscJh& rnf/ aemufqHk; "r® [laomt&mudkyifjzKwfcscJh&rnf/ edAÁmefonft,ltq? tpGJuif;&m? vHk;0 vGwfvyfjcif;uif;&m? vHk;0vGwfvyfjcif;oabm aqmifygonf/

opömav;yg;w&m;awmf The Four Noble Truths

(1) 'ku©opöm        (2) ork'´,opöm        

(3) eda&m"opöm      (4) r*¾ifopöm    - wdkYjzpfygonf/

1/ oDvtkyfpk          (1) rSefuefpGmajymqdkjcif;              - or®m0gpm

                        (2) rSefuefpGmjyKvkyfjcif;               - or®mur®EÅ

                        (3)rSefuefpGmtoufarG;jcif;           - or®mtmZD0

2/ orm"dtkyfpk         (4) rSefuefpGmtm;xkwfjcif;           - or®m0g,mr

                        (5) rSefuefpGmtrSwf&jcif;             - or®mowd

                        (6) rSefuefpGmwnfMunfjcif;          - or®morm"d

3/ ynmtkyfpk          (7) rSefuefpGmodjrifem;vnfjcif;      - or®m'dXd

                        (8) rSefuefpGmBuHpnfjcif;              - or®mouFyÜ

rSefuefpGmtm;xkwfjcif;

(u) jzpfay:vmaom  tukodkvfw&m;rsm;  (raumif;aomt&mrsm;wdkYu)dk        y,fzsufEdkifjcif;iSgtm;  xkwfjcif;?

(c) rjzpfao;aom tukodkvfw&m;rsm; (raumif;aompdwfrsm;wdkYu)dk rjzpfay:vmapjcif;iSg tm;xkwfjcif;?

(*)  rjzpfao;aomukodkvfw&m;wdkYudk (aumif;jrwfaomw&m;)jzpfxGef;apjcif;iSg tm;xkwfjcif;

(C) jzpfNyD;aomukodkvfw&m;wdkYudk (aumif;jrwfaomw&m;) ckdifcHhpGmwdk;yGm;apjcif;iSgtm;xkwfjcif;wdkY jzpfMuygonf/

rSefuefpGmBuHpnfjcif;

(u)   aeu©r® - avmuD aysmf½TifrIrsm;udk pGefYvGwfjcif;tjrif udk,fusdK;pGefYjcif; jzpfonf/ wpfudk,f aumif;qefjcif;? wyfrufjcif; ESifh wpfOD;wnf;ydkifqdkifvdkjcif;wdkYudkqefYusif\/

(c)tAsmyg'   - rkef;wD;rI? oabmxm;qdk;jcif;ESifh rESpfoufrIwdkYudk arwÅmw&m;oabm?aumif;jrwfjcif;ESifh aumif; rIjyKvkdjcif; wdkYjzifh qefYusifjcif;jzpfonf/]

(*)t0d[d      - ab;&efuif;a0;apvdkjcif;ESifh oem;Muifemjcif;wdkYonf&ufpufMurf;MuKwfjcif;ESifhpmemrIuif;jcif;wdkYudkqefYusif\/

Rev Dr. Aye Min

tewå (twåESifh tewå a[&Sm 41;29)/

        a&Smvrkefusrf;tcef;MuD; 1;2 wGif tewåw&m;udka[mxm;ygonf/ t*FvdyfpmaywGif ‘Vanity’ [kac:ygonf/ qdkvdk&if;rSm;bm ]tusdK;rSr&dS } (odkY) ]r&dSudkt&dSvkyfxm;onf} [kt"dyÜg,f&ygonf/ rI&if; vufwifpmaywGif vanus  [kac:qdkjyD;? ‘Empty’ (or) ‘Emptiness’ bmr&dSjcif; [kt"dyÜg,f &yg onf/ "r®a[mif;usrf;wGifa[jAJpmayt& ‘ hebhel }[kac:qdkjyD;?  ‘breath’ a[&Sm 57;13 or 'vapour’ ok21;6 ‘avudk&IxkwfvdkufonfhtcgbmrQrusefaysmufqHk;oGm;onf?} wenf;tm;jzifh ‘nothingness’ bmrQ r&dSjcif; [kqdkygonf/wenf;tm;jzifh ‘no profit’ or ‘worthless’ tusdK; r&dSonf[kqdkygonf/xkdtoHk;teIef;\ t"dyÜg,feSifh w&m;oabmudk wlnDpGmjzifh az:jyxm;aom usrf;onf "r®opfusrf;wGifawGY&ygonf/ ,mukyf4;14wGif ‘oifwdkYtouf onftb,f odkYaom t&mjzpf oenf;/ cPomxif&Sm;jyD;rS uG,faysmufwufaom tcdk;taiGYjzpf\/} xdkpum;vHk;\pmayoabmt& Ak'¨bmom eSifhc&pf,mefwdkY onfrwlnDaom t"dyÜg,f &Sif;vif;csufrsm;&dSaeygaomfvnf;?eSpfbmompvHk;\wlnDaomoabmonf ]ocFg&} yifjzpfonf/

 

'ku©

a,mb 5;7/14;1/15;15/ qmvH 34;19/ a,m16;33/a[jAJ 5;7-8/okwHå 22;8/

'kudw©wowå0g -  okwHå 22;22

ukovw&m;awmf – 103;18/ ukodkvf - 'H 9;24/vk 17;9/{ 2;9/w&m; 9;4-6/

tusGwfw&m; - wref 16;17/

avmu{nfhonf – qmvH119;14/ 39;6/1&mcsKyf 29;15/qmvH 49;17/

udavom -  a&m 1/27/,mukyf 4;1/ 1aum 7;9/

'kp&dkufeSifhokp&dkuf – 1ay3;17/a&m 6;13-14/rdu©m3;2/okwHå 22;8-9/

oHa0* - 1a,m 4;18/a[ 10;22/ qmvH 145;9  - bk&m;onfcyfodrf;olwdkYudkcsrf;omap/

 

uHoabm – 2&mcsKyf15;7/a,&rd 2;19/1aum5;10/2aum5;10/okwHå11;25-26/2aum9;6-7/

or®mw&m; - a,m 14;6?16/a,m8;32/

opömw&m; -  a,m 7;28/a,m4;24/

0dnmOf onfpum;awmfjzpfonf?toufvnf;jzpfonf – a,m6;63/

EIwfuywfawmf=toufjzpfjcif;-tvif;jzpfjcif; -  a,m1;4-5/

omoemjyljcif; (Mission)

                                                                             

           Mission= rlv latin bmompum; mittere rSqif;oufvmonf/to send apvGwfonf

[kt"dyÜg,f&ygonf/Missiononfbk&m;ocifeSifhtwltvkyfvkyfjcif;?ekwfuywfawmftwdkif;avQmufvSrf;jcif;jzpfonf/MissioneSifhurÇmMuD;cGJxkwfvdkYr&ouJhodkY?MissionaryomoemjyKolrsm;eSifhurÇmMuD;onfvnf;cGJxkwfír&yg/

 Evangelism {0Ha*vdowif;aumif;

      Evangelism =*&dpum;vHk; euangelion, pum;rSqif;oufvmonf/ Good News owif;aumif;[kt"dyÜg,f&onf/c&pfawmf\w&m;pum;owif;aumif;udkenf;vrf;tzHkzHkjzifha0Xjcif;/

owif;aumif;a0Xjcif; tqifhqifhh

a,m 17;3- rSefaom xm0&touf[lrlum;? apvGwfawmfrlaom c&pfawmfudk ,HkMunfjcif;/ bk&m;\ apvGwfjcif;? tjypfom; tm;vHk;twGuf xm0&toufay&ef apvGwfum  u,fwifjcif; trI awmf/

róJ10;40- bk&m;ocifapvGwfoludk vufcHaoolonf? bk&m;udkvufcHonf/oifhudkvufcHaomol onf?oifhtm;apvGwfaomoludkvufcHonf/

1/      wrvGefqdkif&mar;jref;jcif;udktajccHíowif;aumif;a0Xjcif;/

-tjypfw&m; = vltaygif;wdkYonftjypf&dSaomaMumifhaojcif;odkYa&muf&Mu\/ a&mr 5;12

rdpäm'dXd- wdwk 2;8/ MowÅy- 1aum 10;27/ 0dpdudpäm– a[jAJ 10;22/ udavomumr- ,mukyf 4;1

aojcif;w&m; = Zmwdyuwdudk,fonfykyfysufwuf\/

0dnmPudk,fonf xajrmufjcif;odkY a&muf&\/ 1aum 15;42-44

udk,fukodkvfaMumifh?u,fwifjcif;r& ({zuf 2;8-9)

 Ä aus;Zl;w&m;aMumifhtjypfw&m;\tc(i&J)rSvGwfajrmufonf/

     -xm0&touf&jcif; = tjypfw&m;\tcum;aojcif;aywnf;/bk&m;ocifay;awmfrlaomqk

                              aus;Zl;awmfum;?igwdkYocifa,&Ic&pftm;jzifhxm0&toufaywnf;/

                              a&mr 6;23 

 Ä tjypfudkvGwfíu,fwifjcif;

     -tjypfudkvGwfjcif; = udk,ftjypfudkbk&m;a&SYawmfü0efcsyg\/jyKrdaom'kp&dkufudk0Sufírxm;yg/

                            igvGefusL;aomt&mudkxm0&bk&m;tm;abmfjyawmif;yefrnf[kajymqdk

                            aomtcgudk,fawmfonftuREkfyfjypfrSm;jcif;tjypfudkvGwfawmfrl\/

                            qmvH 32;5

     -opömw&m; = udk,ftjypfwdkYudkazmfjyawmif;yefvQifigwdkY\tjypfrsm;udkvTwfí'kp&dkuf&dSorQeSifh

                     uif;pifapjcif;iSgbk&m;ocifonf opömw&m;eSifh4if;? ajzmifhrwwfjcif;w&m;eSifh

                     4if; jynfhpHkawmfrl\/ 1a,m 1;7

                                                

(2) wefcdk;awmf *kPfawmfrsm;eSifh erdwfvu©Pmrsm;ajymMum;jcif;jzifh owif;aumif;a0Xjcif;/

   - t&mcyfodrf;udkzefqif;aombk&m;?rlvblwbk&m;jypf\/urÇm(1;1)/ a[&Sm 44;24                 

    - tem*wHoOmPfawmf/ wref 2;23? oAÁnKw OmPfawmfteEÅ/ 1"r® 2;3?                  

    - t&lybk&m;/ 1wd 1;1&? edpöxm0&bk&m;/ 1a,m2;17

                

tpdaEÅ,sav;yg;bk&m;\bkef;awmfajcmufyg; 

                                            

1/ &ly tpdaEÅ,s         = bk&m;oP²mefawmfudkrMuHpDtyf?   1/uúó&d, =tpdk;&awmfrljcif;? 

                                                                                 

2/ 0gp     /              = bk&m;EIwfuywfawmfudkrMuHpDtyf? 2/,o- tjcHt&Hrsm;awmfrljcif;? 

                                                                         

3/ OmP  /              = OmPfawmfudkrMuHpDtyf?         3/ "r®- ynmMuD;jcif;? 

                                                                                        

4/ £'d¨     /              = wef;cdk;awmfudkrMuHpDtyf?      4/ oD&d- toa&awmfwifhw,fjcif;? 

                                                                            

                                                              5/ umr- cifodrf;aomtvdk\jyD;pD;jcif;? 

                                                                   

                                                              6/ y,w- tm;vkUHveSifhjynfhpHkawmfrljcif;? 

                                                                  

rm&fig;yg;

1/ a'0ykwÅr&f - rm&fppfonfatmiffjrifjcif;?

2/ udavorm&f - wPSmuif;pifawmfrljcif;?

3/ cE¨rm&f - cE¨m y#doaE¨aejcif;rS uif;pifawmfrljcif;?

4/ rpöKrmef - aojcif;udk atmifawmfrljcif;?

5/ tbdocFg&rm&f - &kyfemrf eSpfyg;wdkhudkjyKjcif;rSuif;vGwfjcif;?

 Ä tema&m*gonfrsm;eSihfhaoaomoludkyif&Sifapaombk&m; 

    - wq,feSpfeSpfywfvHk;aoG;oGeftempJGaomtrsdK;orD;onfbk&m;\0wfvHkawmfudkwdkYjcif;jzifhtem

      aysmufuif;jcif;/ rmuk 5;25-34/

-     w&m;p&yfrSL;\orD;aojcif;udk &SifapcJhonf/rmuk 5;35-43/

-      

(3) *&kPmw&m;?arwÅmw&m;?cGifhvGwfjcif;w&m;?Ya[majymjcif;jzifha0Xjcif;/

     - bk&m;&SifonfarwÅmw&m;/ 1a,m4;8? opömw&m;/ 1ouf3;3? or®mw&m;/ a,m14;6

     -bk&m;ocif\om;awmfudk,HkMunfaomoltaygif;wdkYonfysufpD;jcif;odkYra&muf xm0&t

       oufudk&apjcif;iSgbk&m;ocifonfrdrdüwyg;wnf;aomom;awmfudkpGefYawmfrlonfhwdkifatmif

       avmuDom;wdkYudkcspfawmfrl\/ a,m 3;6?

Ä 1ay 3;15 - ]oifwdkYajrmfvifhjcif;\taMumif;udkar;jref;aomol&dSorQwdkYtm;?El;nHhaomoabm

                   aMumuf&GYHaomoabmeSifhjyefajymjcif;iSg?umvtpOfrjywftoihf&dSaeMuavmh}

omoemjyKoGifjyifvu©Pmrsm;

-         Openness in sharing                 yGifhvif;pGmajymqdkjcif;

-         Listening to one's partner         &mEIef;jynfhpdwf0ifpm;&rnd

-         Genuine Discussion                 ppfrSefrIjynhf0pGmaqG;aEG;yg

-         Mutual Understanding            tjrif&Sif;pGmem;vnfrIxm;jcif;

-         Mutual Respect                      av;pm;rItjynfht0xm;yg

-         Mutual Trust                          oHo,pdwfuif;pGmjzifh,HkMunfrIxm;yg

-         Mutual Cooperation                jynfh0aomyg0ifwkefYjyefrIxm;yg

-         Mutual Transformation         cH,lcsufrsm;a0zefoHk;oyfumajymif;vJrIjzpfay:vmjcif;

wrvGefudkt ajccHar;jref;

wefcdk;awmf?zefqif; jcif;tav;ay;ajym

arwÅmw&m;? cGifhvGwfjcif;jzifh

umv?tjzpftysuf obm0w&m;?&ly

oDv?'ge?"r® tqHk;pGeftrSefw&m;

"r®tawG;tac: tjyeftvSefajym

odu©mawmf&q&m a'gufwm OD;at;rif;