ရွင္ယာကုပ္က်မ္းစာ၏သမုိင္းေၾကာင္းေနာက္ခံ

&Sif,mukyfusrf;pm\ordkif;aMumif;aemufcH  Historical Background of James

    &Sif,mukyfMo0g'pmapmifonf ygvufwde Palestinet&yf&yfü uGJjym;aeonfh wpfq,f ESpfyg;aom trsdK;wdkYudk &nf&G,fjyD; arwåmjzifha&;om;cJhaom pmapmifjzpfonf/ ocifa,&I\ nDawmf,mukyfa&;onf[k,HkMunfMuonf/ a,&k&SvifjrdKYwGifa&; om;cJhonf/ &Sifaygvkpmapmif rsm;a&;om;jyD;aemufrSa&;om;aomusrf;jzpfonf/ þusrf;pmapmifudk at'D 60cefYwGifa&; om;cJhonf/ &Sifaygvkonf a&mr 3;28wGif  ]vlrnf onfum;ynwfw&m;\tusifhr&dSbJ,HkMunfjcif; tm;jzifhajzmifhruf &modkYa&mufwufonf} [kqdkaomfvnf; &Sif,mukyf onf ,mukyf2;14-18wGif ]tusifhuif;aom ,HkMunfjcif;onf wpfyg; wnf;&dSaomaMumifhtaojzpfonf/}  ]igrlum;tusifhtm; jzifhig\,HkMunfjcif;udkjyrnf[kajymp&m&dS\/} &SifaygvkeSifh&Sif,m ukyfwdkYonfa&;om;csdefuGmjcm;rI &dSonfh tjyif?olwdkY&nf&G,f ía&;ay;vkdufaomy&dowfonfvnf;rwlMuyg/ usrf;udka&;om; csdefumv&dS,HkMunfoltrsm;wdkYonf,HkMunf jcif;&dSMuaomfvnf;?aumif;aomyHkoufao ESifh0dnmOftoD; rsm; roD;MuaomaMumifh&Sif,mukyfrS tusifheSifh ,HkMunfjcif;onf trSefwGJ&rnfudka&;om; wdkufwGef;jcif;jzpfonf/                                               

       ,mukyf5;4 t&tvkyf&Sifonf v,fvkyfol\vkyftm;cudkray;? &dwfaom olrsm;udk vSnfhpm;aom trIrsm;&dSaeonfudkbk&m; ocifodjrifawmfrIaMumif;eSifhtvkyf&SifwdkY\ avmbeSifh umr*kPfcHpm;rIrsm;udkvnf; bk&m;&SifonfrESpfoufaMumif;ponfwdkY udkaz:jyumqHk;rpum; rsm;jzifha&;om;xm;ygonf/

     tdkifa&;eD;&ufpf Irenaeus (at'D 185cefY)vufxufwGif"r®opfusrf;udk 21apmifESifh [pfydkvDwyfpf Hippolytus (at'D 170 -235)vufxufwGif22apmifom todtrSwfjyKcJhMuonf/ xdktcsdefu usrf;abmifoGif;&ef jyóemjzpfaeaomusrf; (5)usrf;rSm a[jAJMo0g'pm? &Sif,mukyf  Mo 

0g'pm? &Sifayတ &kMo0g'pm'kwd,pmapmif?&Sifa,m[ef Moo0g'pm'kwd,pmapmif eSifhwwd,pm apmif wdkYjzpfygonf/ tomae;qD;,yfpf Athanasius (at'D 367)wGif "r®opfusrf;ukd27apmif todtrSwfjyKcJhonf/ at'D 363 wGifusif;yaom avm'dud Laodicea "r®nDvmcHwGif "r®opf usrf;27usrf;udktoif;awmfrsm;wGiftoHk;jyK&ef owfrSwf Muonf/ at'D393wGifusif;yaom [pfydk Hippo nDvmcHeSifhat'D397wGifusif;yaomumaoh Carthage nDvmcHrsm;uxdk 27usrf;yif usrf;0iftjzpf todtrSwfjyKcJhMuonf/

"r®aMumif;qdkif&mzGifhqdkrI Theological Contribution

(1)     tcuftcJrsm;?ab;'ku©rsm;?jyóemrsm;eSihf,SOfqdkif&onfhtcg? c&pf,mefrsm;twGuf?avmu"H udkMuHMuHcHedkif&efrSm?,Hk Munfjcif;w&m;eSifh tusifhw&m;wdkYwGJrS&rnfjzpfaMumif;/

(2)          pHkprf;aESmifh&Sufjcif;eSifhppfaMumpHkprf;jcif;wdkYudk &ifqdkif&ygu c&pfawmfoGefoifcJhaom w&m;awmf twdkif;touf&Sif&ef/

(3)    ppfrSefaombmomw&m;onf em;axmifjcif;? ,HkMunfjcif;?a[majymjcif;tjyif vufawGYusifhMuH vkyfaqmifjcif;wdkYjzpf onf/

pdwf0dnmOfqdkif&m? Zmwdoabmrsm;udkxdef;odrfjcif; Preservation of Moral Characteristics

     ]]tjypfaoG;aqmifjcif;udkcH&aom olrnfonfum;? bk&m;ocifonfighudkaoG;aqmif awmfrl onf[krajymapeSifh/ raumif;aomt&monf bk&m;ocifudkraoG;aqmifedkif&m/ udk,fawmfonf tb,foludkrQtjypfodkYaoG;aqmifawmfrrl/  }}         ,mukyf 1;13/

     ,aeYacwf\wdk;wufrIrsm;? enf;ynmrsm;ESifhZdrfcHp&m ypönf;rsm;onf tjypfaoG;aqmifjcif; Temptation udk tvG,fwuljzpfaponfh taMumif;w&m;rsm;    jzpfvmygonf/ xdkt&mrsm;  onf aumif;usdK;udkjzpfapouJhodkY qdk;usdK;udkvnf;jzpfapygonf/     atmifjrifrIeSifhokccsrf;omudk ay; ouJh okdY? qif;&J'ku©eSifhaomua0'emudkvnf; jzpfyGm;apygonf/ xdkt&mrsm;onfvlom; wdkY\Zmwd oabmrsm;ay:rlwnfíjzpfay:vmaomaMumifh? uRekfyfwdkY\Zmwdoabmrsm;udk xdef;csKyfjcif;jzifh ppfrSefaom ,HkMunfoljzpfvmygrnf/ ,mukyf3;14-16/

(1) avmb - ,mukyf 1;9-11/

(2) a'go – 1;19-21/

(3) rkomrm,m- ,mukyf1;26-27/ 3;3-10/

(4) udavomumr-,mukyf4;1-4/

bk&m;ocifxHrS&aomynmjzifhwGef;vSefatmifedkifjcif;  Conquer with Wisdom from God

,mukyf 3;17-18/

(1)pifMu,fjcif; (2) toifhtwifhaejcif;(3)jznf;nSif;aomoabm (4) u&kPm?aumif;usdK;eSifhjynfhpHkjcif;(5)vspfvsLaompdwf &dSjcif;(6) vsdKY0Sufjcif;eSifhuif;pifjcif; (7)ajzmifhrufjcif;w&m;&dSjcif;

usrf;pmzGifhqdkrIeSifhxdef;odrf;jcif;qdkif&mw&m;awmf

Scripture Setting and Preservation Truth

,mukyf1;21- ]xdkaMumifhcyfodrf;aom npfnl;jcif;? remvdkaompdwfvGefusL;jcif; udky,f&Sm;í? pdwf0dnmOfudk u,fwifedkifaomeIwfuywfawmfrsdK;aphudk oifwdkYeSvHk;om;xJü pdkufysdK;onfhtcg el;nHhodrfarGYaompdwfjzifhcH,lekdif&rnf/} txufygusrf;yk'fonfjyKjyifxdef;odrf;jcif; oabmudkaqmif aeygonf/ avmuwGifraumif;aomaygif;yifrsm;? ajcmufaoGYaeaomtudkif;rsm;eSihf tcufrsm;udk y,f&Sm;jyD;? vef;qef;opfvGifaomtyifrsm;? tcufrsm;tudkif;rsm;eSifh toD;rsm;twGufae&may;&rnf/ uRefkyfwkdYonf? pdwfeSvHk;om;xJrSqdk;npfaom? npfnl;aomt&mrsm;udk z,f&Sm;ouJhodkY?uRekfyfwdkY\ ywf0ef;usifwGifvlom;rsm;udk 'ku©ay;aeaom? teHqdk;rsm;? ywf0ef;usifnpfnrf;aprIrsm;? trdIufo&dkufrsm;? vlom;wdkY rqifrjcifpGefYypfrIrsm;udkygz,f&Sm;oifhygonf/ uRekfyfwdkYonfraumif; aomt&mrsm;udk pdwfeSvHk;xJrSz,f&Sm;jyD;aemuf? aumif;aomt&mrsm;udk pdkfufydsK;&ouJhodkYuRefkyf wdkY\0ef;usifwGifvnf; ywf0ef;usifwihfw,fvmap&ef aomfvnf;aumif;? urÇmMuD;ylaEG;vmrIeSifh avxknpfnrf;rIwdkY avsmhenf;vmap&efrSm aumif;aomtyifrsm;udk pdkufysdK;Mu&rnfjzpfonf/ bk&m;&Sifonf "r®a[mif;umvwGifraumif;aomvlom;rsm;\ ae&mwGifaumif;aomvlom;rsm;udkjyef vnfxnfhoGif;tpm;xdk;cJhayrJhvnf;? "r®opfumva&mufvmaomtcgqdk;aom vlom;rsm\ pdwfeSvHk;xJ&dSraumif;aomt&m ae&müaumif;aompdwfxm;rsm;udk xnfhoGif;ay;apcJhyg onf/

róJ 9;13-  ocifa,&Iu]igonfqdk;aomolwdkYudkac:jcif;iSgvmownf;}[krdefYawmfrlcJhonf/ ,aeY qdk;0g;vSaom obm0azgufjyefrIrsm;? qdk;0g;vSaom&moDOwkrsm;? qdk;0g;vSaomobm0ab; tEå&,frsm; twGuf ocifa,&I&dSrnfaernfrSmrvGJedkifyg/ arwåmawmf&Sifocifa,&Ionf xdkuJhodkY qdk;0g;aomt&mrsm;udkjzpfapaomolr[kwf? xdkqdk;0g;rIrsm;udkaumif;apvdkaomolyifjzpfonf/

,mukyf1;22-23 ]w&m;udkrusifhbJem&HkrQomjyKaom olrnfonfum;rSefü rdrdyuwdrsufeSmudkMunfh aomoleSifhwl\/ taMumif;rIum;udk,fudkudk,fMunfhjyD;rS? tjcm;odkYoGm;í rdrdtqif;oP²mefudk csufjcif;arhavsmhwuf\/} rSefürdrdyuwdoabmudkjrifaomfvnf;? rSefeSihfa0;oGm;aomtcgudk,fh tqif;oP²mefudk csufjcifarhavsmhoGm;um? trSefw&m;eSifhvJGMu&onf/ ,aeYvlrsm;wdkYonfbmom a&;?vlrIa&;? ywf0ef;usifxdef;odrf;a&; paomtvkyfrsm;udkvkyf&rnfodaomfvnf;? trSefwpfu,f vkyfvmaomtcg? rSefeSifha0oGm;aomoluJhodkY udk,fhudkudk,farhavsmhoGm;jyD; udk,fhtqif;oP²mefudk vnf;jyefrjrifawmhyg/ a[majymjcif;? em;axmifjcif;?a&;om;jcif;? tjrifus,fapjcif;rsm;jyD;oGm;ygvQif vufawGYwpfu,fvkyf&ygrnf/ vufawGYrygaomtvkyfudkvkyfolonf?? rSefudkMunfhjyD;rSudk,fhtqif; oP²mef udkarhavsmhaomoleSifh wlonf/

Natural  Preservation urÇm 1;28

           urÇmOD;usrf;tcef;(47)wGifa,moyfonfol\trsdK;tEG,ftaygif;onf tpmacgif;yg;jcif;eSifh MuD;pGmaom  qif;&Jjcif;rsm;udkcHpm;aecsdefwGif qHk;&HI;aysmufuG,f roGm;atmif xdef;odrf;apmuf a&SmufcJh onf/a,moyf onf edkifiHacgif;aqmifjzpf  aomfvnf;  rdom;pkeSifh trsdK;tEG,fwdkY\ta&;MuD;udpöwdkYudk t aumif; qHk; ajz&Sif;ay;vdkufonf/    xdkenf;wl,aeYtcsdeftcgwGif acgif;aqmif vkyfaeaomolrsm; onf  a,moyfuJhodkYrdrd\ udk,fcE©meSifhrdom;pk? vlrsdK;tEG,frsm;omru? wkdif;jynfeSIifhrdrdaexdkif&m urÇmMuD;udkumuG,fjcif; ?u,fwifjcif;vkyfief;rsm; jyKvkyfMu&rnfjzpfonf/ xdkuJhodkYumuG,f xdef;odrf;jcif; onf avmu"r®obm0w&m; jzpfyg onf/

 

Spiritual Preservation     vkum 21;17-1၈

        a,m 14;15- c&pfawmfu ighudkcspfvQifighynwfwdkYudk apmifha&Smufavmh[k rdefYrSmcJhygonf/ a,m 15;10wGif vnf;oifwdkYonf c&pfawmfynwfwdkYudkapmifha&Smufxdef;odrf;rnf qdkvQif? c&pfawmf\arwåmonfusGekfyfwdkYwGifwnfae rnfjzpfonf/ xdefodrf; jcif;onfrvkyfoifhaomt&mrsm;? rusifhoifhaomt&mrsm;udk rvkyfjcif;? rusifhjcif;jzpfonf/  róJ23;3-4 ]tvGefav;í xrf;cJaom0ef wdkYudkjyifqif íolwpf yg;ycHk;ay:rSmwifwufMu\/rdrdwdkYuvufzsm;eSifhrQra&GYvdkMu/} c&pfawmfu zm&d&JSwdkY usifhouJhodkY rusifhzdkY&efoGefoifcJhygonf/ udk,frxrf;edkifaompD&ifxHk;zGJYrIrsm;udk olwpfyg; ycHk;ay: rSm wifwufaom olonf xdef;odrf; jcif;vkyfief;eSifhrxkduf wefaomoljzpfonf/

Intellecture Preservation okwHåusrf; 2;10-11  

    ynmonfoif\eSvHk;xJokdY0ifí oifonfodMum;jcif;ü arGYavsmfaomtcg or®mowd onfoifhudkxdef;odrf;í?OmPfonfvnf; apmifha&Smufojzifh qdk;aomvrf;rSu,fwifrnf [kqdkxm; ygonf/ usrf;pmuoGefoifonfrSm taumif;tm;jzifhtqdk;udkedkif &efoGefoifxm;ygonf/ ,aeYacwf aumif;aom twufynmeSifhenf;ynmwdkYonf avmu\tqdk;w&m;rsm;udktedkif,l& rnfjzpfonf/ ekdifiHMuD; wpfcsdKYwGif&mZ0wfrIrsm;onfjrdKYxJwGif rsm;jym;vmaomaMumifh ae&mawmfawmfrsm;rsm;wGif enf;ynmqdkif&m uifr&mrsm;udkwyfqifxm;ygonf/ rD;ydkSkifhrsm;wGifvnf;oufrSwfxm;aom pnfrsOf;rsm;udk csdK;azgufaomum;rsm;udk zrf;qD;edkif&efuifr&mrsm;udkwyfqifxm;ygonf/ xdkaMumifh avmuenf;ynmwdkYonfvnf; vlabmifavmuMuD;at;csrf;apzdkY&ef yg0ifvmygonf/ xdkaMumifh avmuenf;ynmrsm;ESifh ynmtcsuftvwfrsm;udk vnf;xdef;odrf;jyD; vlom;rsm;twGufumuG,f apmifha&Smuf&rnfjzpfonf/

Missiological Preservation  &SifróJ 24;13

       &SifróJ24;13‘tMuifolonftqHk;wdkifatmifwnfMunf\/ xdkolonf u,fwifjcif;odkYa&muf vdrfhrnf/} ,HkMunfolwpfa,mufpDwdkif;oufqHk;wdkifatmif wnfMunfedkifzdkY&efrSm w&m;awmfrsm;udkrdrd ukd,fukdxdef;odrf;jcif;omru? rdrd\rdom;pk?toif;awmf? edkifiHawmftm;vHk;ukdxdef;odrf;umuG,fay;rS omu,fwifjcif;onf trSefyifa&mufvmrnfjzpfonf/ omoemukdxdef;odrf;rnfholonf wnfMunf aomoljzpfrSom usGefkyf wdkY\ omoemawmfonf t"GefY&Snfrnfomjzpfonf/

Religious Preservation  a&mr 1;18

              a&mr 1;18 wGif or®mw&m;udk t"r®jzifh  qD;wm;eSdyfpufaomolESifh bk&m;rJhaeaom  olwkdYudk bk&m;ocifreSpfoufaMumif;udk awGY&ygonf/ or®mw&m;eSifh"r®w&m;wdkY urÇmMuD;xJwGif tpOftjrJ&dSaerSom jidrf;csrf;aomb0udk vlwdkif;cHpm;& &dSrnfjzpf onf/ vlom;wdkif; udk,fpDukd,fiSrdrd&dS aumif;jrwfaomw&m;rsm;udk "r®w&m;eSifh,SOfum xdef;odrf;vdkuf avQmuftouf&Sif MurnfqdkvQif bmomw&m;rsm;tjcif;jcif;üomru?vlom;tcsif;csif; cspfMunfpGmaexdkifedkifrnfjzpfonf/

Ecological Preservation  urÇm 1;26

       ,aeYc&pf,mef rsm;onf vludkomt"duxm;í u,fwifjcif;vkyfief;rsm;vkyfaqmifjcif; Anthropo- Soteriocentrism rSurÇmMuD;eSifhwuG? awmawmif?a&?av? tyleSifhopfyif? wd&dpämefponfhurÇmht&if;tjrpfrsm;udku,fwifxdef;odrf;jcif;    Bio-Eco- Soteriocentrism tqifhodkYa&muf&dS vkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf/   urÇm 1;26- ]ajrwjyifvHk;eSifhwuG?wd&pämeftaygif; wdkYudktkyfpdk;ap} [krdefhrSmcsufrSm Ecological-Preservation yifjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif ay;cJhaomtarGOpömxJwGifurÇm ajrMuD; eSifhvl wd&pämeftaygif;wdkYyg0ifaeygonf/ xdkt&mtm;vHk;onf cGJxkwfír&ouJhodkYwpfOD;ysufvQifusef t&mtm;vHk;vnf; ysufpD;oGm;rnfjzpfonf/ tm;vHk;onf Union rsm;jzpfMuonf/ urÇmajrMuD;eSifhvlwd&pämef usGefkyfwdkYtm;vHk;onf Union World Being urÇmpkom;rsm;jzpfMuonf/ c&pfawmf\w&m;awmft& udk,feSifhpyfqdkifoludk udk,feSifhtrQ xdef;odrf;apmifha&SmufrSom tcsif;csif;cspf&ma&mufrnfjzpfonf/ ,aeYurÇmMuD;onf pm;eyf&du©meSifh obm0t&if;tjrpfrsm;avsmhenf; vmaejyDjzpf&m?usGefkyfwdkYtm;vHk;onf tEå&,feSifh&ifqdkif ae&ygonf/ xdktEå&,f tcuftcJrsm;udk umuG,fxdef;odrf;&ef bk&m;ocifu vlom;rsm;udkt"duae&mu toHk;csoGm;rnfjzpf onf/ xdkaMumifhvlom;rsm;taejzifh csrf;omonfjzpfap? qif;&Jonfjzpfap? tiftm;enf;onfjzpfap? tiftm;rsm;onfjzpfap tm;vHk;uyg0ifvkyfaqmif&rnfjzpfonf/ xdkt&m onf ESpfq,fhwpf&mpk&dSvlom;rsm;twGufbk&m;ay;wm0efjzpfygonf/

                                                   Rev. Dr. Aye Min